The effectiveness of transcranial photobiomodulation therapy (tPBM) and transauricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on reducing alcohol craving.

Neurotherapeutics · 2026 · PMC13264161 · PMID 42258987

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0670

closest p · 1.3× alpha

0.0670

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.067so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Correlation analysis showed a positive association between changes in craving (PACS) and changes in depressive symptoms (BDI), although this did not reach statistical significance ( r = 0.24, p = 0.067).

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