Comparison of textbook outcomes and postoperative pain trajectories between reduced-port and conventional robotic distal gastrectomy: a cumulative sum (CUSUM)-adjusted propensity score-matched analysis.

Although the overall group effect did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.2018), a significant group-by-time interaction was identified ( p = 0.0044), suggesting that the pattern of pain reduction over time differed significantly between the cRDG and rpRDG groups.

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