Long COVID risk by pre-infection symptoms and functional status: A retrospective cohort study of data from the All of Us Research Program.

PLoS One · 2026 · PMC13271467 · PMID 42302012

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hedged sentences

0.0001

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0200

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.0001actually significant

Given the large sample size and the highly significant X2 of the maximum likelihood ratio (p < 0.0001), this model was judged to have adequate fit for determining association.

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approached significancep = 0.02actually significant

None of these symptoms were significant predictors of long COVID in the adjusted model ( Table 3 ) (sleep disturbance was the only symptom category that approached significance ( p = 0.02)), however ME/CFS, joint pain, and several others demonstrated high variance inflation factors (S1 Table D.4 in S1 File ) indicating possible underestimation of their effects (S1 Appendix D in S1 File ).

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