Barely Significant
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Causal associations between antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious agents and cardiovascular inflammatory diseases: A Mendelian randomization study based on UK Biobank and FinnGen.

Hum Vaccin Immunother · 2026 · PMC13274133 · PMID 42284210

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hedged sentence
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closest p · 1.0× alpha
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boldest claim

The sentences

nominally significantp < .05actually significant
In order to distinguish between associations those remain significant after FDR correction ( q < 0.05) and those are only nominally significant ( p < .05 but q ≥ 0.05), only FDR significant findings are described as “robust associations,” while nominally significant findings are referred as “suggestive associations.” To assess robustness, sensitivity analyses were performed, and horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated using MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO.

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