Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel coadministration induces hypophagia and increases energy expenditure in female rats.

Concordantly, circulating LH was reduced in EE + LNG-treated rats in both age groups, and E2 showed the same directional pattern; although the reduction in adolescent E2 did not reach statistical significance, its magnitude was similar to that observed in adults.

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This distributional pattern mirrors the body mass findings in our adult cohort: relative to controls, HC-treated rats showed a distribution centered near 0% change with a slight trend toward modest weight loss; most animals clustered close to no change, and the remainder split between small losses and small gains.

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