Changes in ambient environmental conditions correspond to variations in <i>in vitro</i> fertilization outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A notable trend was the directional reversal of pollutant effects across periods, raising important questions about how temporal environmental and societal changes during the pandemic may have modified biological responses.

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In contrast, O 3 concentrations, mean temperature, and mean humidity displayed an increasing trend from pre-COVID to post-COVID.

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Unlike the mature oocyte rate, the fertilization rate was significantly higher in the post-COVID group than in the during-COVID group (χ2 = 7.62, p = 0.017); the comparison with the pre-COVID baseline (χ2 = 4.74, p = 0.089) did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons.

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