Exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study on loneliness and participation in leisure activities among non-institutionalized older adults.

Front Public Health · 2026 · PMC13293820 · PMID 42368968

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0600

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The model explained 21% of the variance observed in the total scores on the ESTE II scale (R 2 = 0.21), although the overall model did not reach statistical significance ( F = 1.864; p = 0.06).

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