Antibiotic Use, Self-Medication, and Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness Among Health Studies Students at the University of Mostar: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Antibiotics (Basel) · 2026 · PMC13295503

Europe PMC

hedged sentences

0.2030

closest p · 4.1× alpha

0.2030

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.203not close (p > 0.1)

The overall model did not reach statistical significance (χ 2 (5) = 7.25, p = 0.203), indicating that the included predictors together do not explain a significant proportion of the variability in the observed behaviour.

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a slight trendno p-value reported

Individual predictor analysis showed that year of study was associated with a slight trend toward an increased likelihood of antibiotic use without a physician’s recommendation (aOR = 1.21), although this association did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.091) ( Table 3 ).

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