Associations of Serum Zinc and Iron with Systemic Inflammatory Indices in Pediatric Obesity: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study

Magnesium showed a borderline significant association with NLR that remained significant after FDR correction ( p = 0.005, q = 0.009); however, its associations with SII and MLR did not survive correction.

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These findings require cautious interpretation: only 39–40 observations with zinc data were available, the overall regression model did not achieve significance ( p = 0.067), and no correction for multiple testing was applied to the subgroup analyses.

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As a strictly exploratory secondary observation, zinc showed nominally significant inverse correlations with inflammatory indices within the subgroup with obesity; however, these findings derive from a small sample with a non-significant overall model and require prospective replication before any interpretation beyond hypothesis generation.

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Iron associations with NLR, SII, and MLR remained highly significant after FDR correction (all q < 0.0001); folate associations likewise remained significant (q < 0.001 for all three indices); ferritin associations remained significant across all three indices (q < 0.001 for NLR and MLR; q = 0.005 for SII).

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