Magnesium Sulfate as a Multimodal Anesthetic Adjuvant in Brain Tumor Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Hemodynamic, Analgesic, and Biomarker Outcomes

J Clin Med · 2026 · PMC13301512

Europe PMC

hedged sentence

0.4952

closest p · 9.9× alpha

0.4952

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.4952not close (p > 0.1)

However, this reduction did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.4952), as the 95% confidence interval (−329.41 to 159.34) spans the line of no effect.

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