borderline significancep = 0.068
Under HC3 inference, the modified Stoppa approach remained significantly associated with operative time (B = +65.4 min, 95% CI +8.6 to +122.3; p = 0.024), whereas the association for subcutaneous fat CSA was attenuated to borderline significance (B = +0.25 min/cm 2 , 95% CI −0.02 to +0.52; p = 0.068).