Congestion, but not low cardiac output, is independently associated with acute kidney injury following contrast agent exposure.

Front Cardiovasc Med · 2026 · PMC13311108 · PMID 42375846

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0590

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0590

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.059so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The low-output subgroup showed a trend toward higher CA-AKI compared with control (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.99–1.49; p = 0.059; Figure 3 ).

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