Relational encoding promotes creative insight for problem-solving.

Mem Cognit · 2025 · PMC13314911 · PMID 39853514

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.1090

boldest claim

The sentences

a marginal trendp = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

A secondary statistical analysis directly comparing the RelEnc and CD/CI conditions (using the CD/CI proportions as expected values) gives a degree of additional support for this conclusion in the form of a marginal trend favoring relational encoding, χ 2 (3, n = 91) = 7.44, p = 0.06, V = 0.29.

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approached significancep = 0.109not close (p > 0.1)

For the peanut problem, the difference between relational and baseline groups approached significance but was not reliable, χ 2 (1, 69) = 2.57, p = 0.109, φ = 0.19.

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