Results While plasma biochemical markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), glutathione, myeloperoxidase, ischemia-modified albumin, inhibin B, caspase-3, and testosterone) and histopathological Johnsen tubular biopsy scores remained statistically comparable across groups, significant intergroup variations were observed in testicular tissue TNF-α (p = 0.017), testicular testosterone (p = 0.003), and Cosentino histopathological grades (p < 0.05).Although high-dose theophylline showed a downward trend in tissue TNF-α, this specific pairwise difference did not reach statistical significance.
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Dose-dependent protective effects of theophylline on testicular endocrine function in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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