The impact of sound intervention on sleep quality and stress levels in college students: a randomized controlled trial.

Front Psychol · 2026 · PMC13318881 · PMID 42389090

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0500

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0500

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep > 0.05actually significant

Pairwise comparisons between time points in the control group did not reach statistical significance ( p > 0.05), and the overall time effect was also not significant (Wald χ 2 = 1.225, p = 0.747).

also in 111,027 other papers

a decreasing trendno p-value reported

I.e., extremely high baseline scores show a decreasing trend in subsequent measurements due to the natural fading of random errors, thereby partially confounding the true effect of the intervention.

also in 47,180 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.