Association of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practice with dental caries status among 6-12-year-old Iranian orphaned children using the CAST index: A Cross-sectional study.

PLoS One · 2026 · PMC13327191 · PMID 42391229

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0500

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.1100

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significantp = 0.05actually significant

This association was borderline significant after adjustment (adjusted OR: 3.73; 95% CI: 0.97–14.35; p = 0.05).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.11not close (p > 0.1)

Although oral health practice continued to show a negative association with poorer outcomes (adjusted β = −0.25), the relationship did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.11), reflecting a trend toward a protective effect that warrants further exploration.

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a trend toward significanceno p-value reported

showed a trendno p-value reported

However, the latter showed a trend toward significance in the adjusted model, suggesting a potential positive influence of health education.

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