Gamma knife radiosurgery for renal cell carcinoma brain metastases across systemic therapy eras: survival, intracranial failure, and lesion-level predictors.

J Neurooncol · 2026 · PMC13328143 · PMID 42393321

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0580

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0580

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.058so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In Kaplan–Meier analysis, OS showed a trend toward difference by receipt of any systemic therapy (TKI and/or IO) versus none (log-rank p = 0.058) (Fig. 1 ).

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