Effects of epidural analgesia, regional blockade, and intravenous PCIA on early postoperative sleep disturbance and recovery outcomes after gastric and colorectal cancer surgery: a propensity score-based retrospective cohort study.

BMC Anesthesiol · 2026 · PMC13330238 · PMID 42115941

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0980

closest p · 2.0× alpha

0.0980

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significanceP = 0.098so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Rescue opioid use within 48 h trended lower in epidural and regional groups but did not reach statistical significance on global testing (global P = 0.098, Table S2).

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