a strong trendp = 0.10
Furthermore, when examining the relationship with the Type I criterion separately for absent responses and present responses ( Sherman et al., 2018 ), a positive relationship emerges between mean confidence for absent responses and c ( r = 0.25, p < 0.05), along with a strong trend toward a negative association between mean confidence for present responses and c ( r = −0.15, p = 0.10), thereby replicating Sherman et al.’s findings.