Current progress on identifying chemical constituents, bioactivities, and food-industry applications of pitaya (<i>Selenicereus</i> spp.) whole plant.

Red-fleshed pitaya juice demonstrated potential hepatoprotective effects in a high-fat and high-sugar diet-induced metabolic syndrome rat model; however, changes in key gene expression failed to reach statistical significance, inflammatory factor alterations were contradictory in direction, and classical liver function indices and histological validation were lacking ( 79 ).

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