Perceived physical literacy and subjective wellbeing in university students: the indirect association via autonomous sports motivation.

Front Psychol · 2026 · PMC13395672 · PMID 42499600

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.1820

closest p · 3.6× alpha

0.1820

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.182not close (p > 0.1)

On the gender dimension (see Figure 3A ), an independent samples t -test showed that males had a slightly higher average score on perceived physical literacy (PPLI) ( M = 3.49, SD = 0.85) than females ( M = 3.41, SD = 0.82), but this difference did not reach statistical significance [ t (856) = 1.34, p = 0.182, Cohen’s d = 0.09].

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