highly significantp < 0.001
Fluence exhibited a highly significant effect on the water contact angle (F = 88.63, p < 0.001), indicating a strong energy-driven transition in surface wettability.
Fluence exhibited a highly significant effect on the water contact angle (F = 88.63, p < 0.001), indicating a strong energy-driven transition in surface wettability.
The influence of pitch was secondary and did not follow a clear trend, as no direct correlation was observed between pitch (or the associated roughness parameters) and the resulting contact angle.