Mean ranks of cis - and trans -permethrin were higher among spray can/pest bomb users, and this difference was statistically significant for cis- permethrin and of borderline significance for trans -permethrin (Kruskal–Wallis, p = 0.007, p = 0.07, respectively).
Contrary to our expectations, we observed a significant trend toward increasing reports of pest sightings in the home and increasing use of the higher-exposure methods (spray cans, pest bombs, and/or sprays by professional pesticide applicators) over time.
Data from the Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health (CCCEH) also show a highly significant decrease in levels of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in environmental and biologic samples collected between 1999 and 2001 from New York City African Americans and Dominicans during pregnancy, although the mothers reported no change in their use of pesticides.