Chronic exposure to the herbicide, atrazine, causes mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance.

ATZ treatment worsened insulin levels and HOMA-IR values For rats fed a regular diet, ATZ treatment tended to increase triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, but the differences did not reach statistical significance (data not shown).

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Non-invasive 1 H-MRS revealed that, even in regular diet groups, ATZ treatment increased intramuscular and intrahepatic fat accumulation, with borderline significance after adjusting for body weight ( Fig. 1F and 1G ).

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