Differences in lifespan were larger in magnitude but highly variable among species, except for a marked trend for reduced canopy lifespan at the northern boundary (average −49%).
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The demography of range boundaries versus range cores in eastern US tree species.
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The sentences
The only consistent pattern was a marginally significant trend for increased growth rate ( figure 2 ), as would be expected from the greater annual temperature associated with low latitudes—but this would act to elevate performance in comparison with the core.