Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and -2alpha are expressed in most rectal cancers but only hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha is associated with prognosis.

The association between Dukes’ stage and HIF-1 α positivity almost reached statistical significance ( P =0.05), although combining Dukes’ A and B cancers together and C1 with C2 cancers resulted in a statistically significant difference in HIF-1 α positivity between Dukes’ A/B and C (Dukes’ A/B, 44% positive vs 56% negative; Dukes’ C, 70% positive vs 30% negative; P <0.02).

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There did appear to be a trend towards a reduction in tumour recurrence with HIF-2 α expression, although this did not reach statistical significance.

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