a significant trendP = 0.003
marginally significantP = 0.057
There was no significant difference between F IS and F e in short-lived species (16 cases with F IS < F e , compared to 10 with F IS > F e , P = 0.33), in contrast to herbaceous perennial species that present a marginally significant trend (23 cases with F IS < F e , compared to 11 with F IS > F e , P = 0.057) and woody species that present a significant trend (55 cases with F IS < F e , compared to 27 with F IS > F e , P = 0.003).