Short-lived IFN-γ effector responses, but long-lived IL-10 memory responses, to malaria in an area of low malaria endemicity.

This expectation is not entirely consistent with clinical observations in migrants, in whom re-exposure to malaria after many years typically results in low parasite densities (implying retention of anti-parasitic effector mechanisms) accompanied by quite significant clinical discomfort (reviewed in 23).

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