Metabolic and respiratory costs of increasing song amplitude in zebra finches.

Considering our small sample size, it is certainly possible that despite the marginally non-significant p-value, helmeted birds do show an even stronger Lombard effect than unhelmeted birds.

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Minibreaths were also slightly, but significantly, deeper during high amplitude songs than during low amplitude songs in one bird ( bird G62 : U = 400, T (15, 39) = 305, P = 0.04) but did not differ in the remaining 5 birds ( bird B86 : U = 412, T (20, 42) = 638, P = 0.91; bird G65 : U = 560, T (12, 92) = 622, P = 0.94; bird RW1 : U = 401, T (17, 26) = 585, P = 0.09; bird V13 : U = 106, T (14, 22) = 195, P = 0.730; bird Y31 : U = 412, T (20, 50) = 798, P = 0.26 For bird RW1, the median difference in both minibreath duration and minibreath depth were approaching significance statistically.

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