Arterial stiffness, central hemodynamics, and cardiovascular risk in hypertension.

A recent meta-analysis of five prospective studies showed a higher (with borderline significance) predictive value of central as compared with peripheral PP, although central and peripheral PP were not measured simultaneously under the same conditions in all studies included in the analysis. 18 Accordingly, Wang et al showed that when central and peripheral systolic pressure were both included into a regression model, only central pressure remained significantly related to cardiovascular risk. 19 Moreover, BP-lowering drugs can have differential effects on central aortic pressures and hemodynamics compared with brachial BP.

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The association between systolic augmentation and the angiotensin-converting enzyme D/I polymorphism did not reach statistical significance. 83 Previous studies demonstrated that a high salt intake in humans is associated with increased arterial stiffness and vascular hypertrophy. 84 Furthermore, stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats fed 0.9% NaCl in drinking water, compared with a control group given tap water, had increased ex

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