approached significancep = 0.06
In both cases, GPE alone did not affect basal cytokine expression (p > 0.05), but significantly attenuated the LPS induction of TNFα (interaction between LPS and GPE, [F (2,42) = 7.2, p < 0.05]) and approached significance for IL-1 β (interaction between LPS and GPE [F (2,42) = 3.7, p = 0.06]).