The frequency of FOXP3 + regulatory T cells (Treg) fluctuated following DC infusion and eventually dropped to below baseline by week 12, an interesting trend suggesting that the vaccination may have resulted in a more subtle outcome than was initially apparent.
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Induction of multi-functional T cells in a phase I clinical trial of dendritic cell immunotherapy in hepatitis C virus infected individuals.
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We speculate that the decrease in FOXP3 Treg is related to the increase in TNFα single positive cells that showed a trend towards up-regulation after the Mo-DC therapy.
Within the single cytokine category, TNFα producers showed a higher frequency compared to IFNγ producers, and in some patients (such as PT#2) these cells showed an increasing trend post vaccination ( Fig. 2A ).