Large-scale association analyses identify new loci influencing glycemic traits and provide insight into the underlying biological pathways.

This conclusion is supported by an excess of directionally consistent and nominally significant signals between discovery and follow-up studies.

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We found that genes near the 36 loci associated with fasting glucose had a high degree of connectivity (refer to Online Methods for definition of how genes were selected), with eight genes demonstrating highly significant similarity to genes in other loci at a P grail < 0.01 level, connected by keywords such as “glucose”, “insulin”, “pancreatic” and “diabetes” ( Supplementary Table 5a and Supplementary Fig. 7 ), and more than expected by chance ( P permutation = 0.003).

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