Large-scale association analysis provides insights into the genetic architecture and pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

The risk allele at ANK1 has features (nominally significant reduction in HOMA-B) indicating a primary effect on beta-cell function, whereas those at GRB14 and AKNRD55 are characteristic of loci acting primarily through insulin resistance (increased HOMA-IR) ( Supplementary Fig. 10 and Supplementary Table 10 ).

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