Pharmacogenomics of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters: implications for cancer therapy.

In general, most studies support that patients with colorectal cancer who have a high-expression genotype (ie, TS-2R/3G, −3C/3G, −3G/3G, 3′-UTR +6bp/+6bp) showed a trend toward poor prognosis and worse response to 5-FU-based chemotherapy, but possibly less severe toxicities, compared with the low-expression group (ie, TS-2R/2R, −2R/3C, −3C/3C, 3′-UTR + 6bp/−6bp, −6bp/−bp). 94 In summary, genetic polymorphisms within the genes that are involved in 5-FU metabolic activation (eg, OPRT), detoxification (eg, DPD), and target interaction (eg, TS) are important determinants of the efficacy and safety of 5-FU treatment.

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