Effects of a long-term disturbance on arthropods and vegetation in subalpine wetlands: manifestations of pack stock grazing in early versus mid-season.

When mid-season plots were examined in isolation, there was a weak trend (p = 0.049) of more depauperate assemblage characteristics on grazed plots among canopy fauna (i.e., bait variable excluded; otherwise p = 0.096).

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The only negative effects on fauna were: three Treatment differences for individual taxa (of 32 tests) that indicated lower numbers on grazed plots, weakly-significant lower diversity on mid-season grazed sites across canopy assemblage metrics, and a significant trend of lower abundances on mid-season grazed sites across all morphospecies.

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