Human monocytes and macrophages differ in their mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia.

In monocytes incubated under hypoxic conditions - in contrast to normoxia - genes for LDHA and CXCR4 were significantly ( P < 0.05) upregulated, although HIF-1α is not present in the nucleus; the gene for PGK1 showed increased expression but this did not reach statistical significance (Figure 5A-C ).

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