In TORCH, the difference in mortality between the salmeterol/fluticasone and placebo treatment groups did not reach statistical significance (salmeterol/fluticasone 12.6%, placebo 15.2%; hazard ratio [HR] 0.825; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.681–1.002; P = 0.052). 14 In UPLIFT, all-cause mortality was significantly lower in the tiotropium group compared with placebo while patients were receiving treatment (up to day 1440, tiotropium 1
1
0.0520
0.0520