Vertical transmission of respiratory syncytial virus modulates pre- and postnatal innervation and reactivity of rat airways.

Although this effect did not reach statistical significance, it may still contribute to the modulation of neural development because of the low-affinity binding of NGF to TrkB and because of the increased expression of BDNF - the high-affinity ligand for TrkB - in PCR-positive fetuses.

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Furthermore, when considering direct transmission of viral pathogens from mother to offspring, the pathological consequences may be significant despite preexisting maternal seroimmunity, as demonstrated by the relevant morbidity and mortality observed after transplacental infections with viruses other than RSV, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and pestivirus [32] , [33] .

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