Low-dose endotoxin inhalation in healthy volunteers--a challenge model for early clinical drug development.

BMC Pulm Med · 2013 · PMC3635929 · PMID 23537365

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borderline significantno p-value reported

The decrease of IL-8 in COPD was borderline significant, and Roflumilast did not change sputum IL-8 and MPO after allergen challenge in asthmatic patients [ 31 , 32 ].

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

With respect to the total sputum cell count and the neutrophil cell count, we observed the lowest values after Roflumilast treatment, but this decline did not reach statistical significance compared with the second LPS challenge.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.