The influence of urban natural and built environments on physiological and psychological measures of stress--a pilot study.

Int J Environ Res Public Health · 2013 · PMC3709315 · PMID 23531491

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0550

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.001actually significant

Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) Highly significant setting PRS differences were found (F 3,40.97 = 12.526, p < 0.001) with post-hoc pair-wise comparisons demonstrating that the Very Natural setting was perceived as more restorative than the other three settings (all p < 0.001; See Figure 5 ).

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near-significantp = 0.055so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Subsequent inclusion of Gender as a factor revealed no main effect of Gender on subjective stress; however, a near-significant Setting × Gender interaction was reported (F 3,37.7 = 2.764, p = 0.055).

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