Early adversity and combat exposure interact to influence anterior cingulate cortex volume in combat veterans.

Neither childhood trauma nor CES score alone accounted for unique variance in ACC volume (childhood trauma: β = − 0.15, t = − 1.42, n.s.; CES: β = − 0.20, t = − 1.85, n.s.); however, the simultaneous regression model was nominally significant (adjusted R 2 = 0.05, F(2,84) = 3.2, p < 0.048).

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