Patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission and ultrasound-defined active synovitis exhibit higher disease activity and increased serum levels of angiogenic biomarkers.

bFGF was the biomarker that best identified US-defined active synovitis, as it was also the only biomarker with higher, almost significant, differences in active synovitis both in SH grade ≥2 and in the PDUS signal, suggesting that it may be a good biomarker of stromal cell activity.

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Correlations between biomarkers of inflammation/angiogenesis and other clinical and sonographic variables Ultrasound variables SH grade ≥2 correlated with MMP-2 and transforming growth factor beta-1 and showed a strong trend to correlation with bFGF levels (Table 3 ).

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