Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed for the inflammatory genes interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β , and CCL2 , and because of a clear trend of increased inflammation in the EN-DCR samples, a wider PCR array was performed to compare inflammation-related gene expression in EN-DCR subjects and corresponding controls.
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Upregulation of inflammatory genes in the nasal mucosa of patients undergoing endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy.
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