Again, the G allele was more common in IDU-HIV-1 infected compared to IDU-HESN with a borderline significance of 0.064.
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A regulatory polymorphism in HAVCR2 modulates susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.
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A very similar result was obtained in a second and smaller cohort of SexExp-HESN (n = 38) from Spain: in these subjects the frequency of the G allele was 0.12, much lower than in a sample of 77 Spanish healthy controls (HC, frequency = 0.20); due to the small sample size the association p value did not reach statistical significance ( Table 2 ).
Therefore, although statistical analysis was fully significant for the Italian cohort only, the meta-analysis we performed revealed no heterogeneity in the effect of rs4704846 among the three samples and yielded a highly significant association result.