Programmed ribosomal frameshift alters expression of west nile virus genes and facilitates virus replication in birds and mosquitoes.

Although the differences in virus titres between WT and A30A′ WNV NY99 infections did not reach statistical significance by two way ANOVA comparison, the A30A′ WNV NY99 virus nevertheless showed noticeable attenuation at the peak time of infection ( Figure 6 ), suggesting a role for PRF/NS1′ in WNV NY99 virulence in avian hosts.

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Importantly however, all of these differences despite being relatively small were highly significant indicating that even relatively small changes in gene expression may have biological significance.

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