Induced differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells into M2 macrophages by combined treatment with retinoic acid and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

9cRA plus 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also effectively increased ARG1 mRNA expression in THP-1 cells, while ATRA plus 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 tended to increase its expression, an effect that did not reach statistical significance ( Fig. 3B ).

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