Detection of a novel, integrative aging process suggests complex physiological integration.

For frailty in WHAS, the model form does not allow the calculation of a simple R 2 , but the effect of PCA1 remains highly significant with or without control for age ( p <0.0001), and declines from 0.146 to 0.104 frailty criteria.

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Although nine of the 74 models were nominally significant at α = 0.05, this was not much higher than might be expected by chance, and the directions of the associations were inconsistent and contradictory.

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