Reduced mRNA expression of PTGDS in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder patients compared with healthy control subjects.

Adjusting for age and gender (model A-2), a statistically significant down-regulation of PTGDS mRNA expression was present in bipolar disorder patients in both the euthymic state ( b = -0.073, 95% CI [-0.130; -0.017], p = 0.012), the depressive state ( b = -0.062, 95% CI [-0.120; -0.003], p = 0.038), and the manic/hypomanic state ( b = -0.076, 95% CI [-0.144; -0.008], p = 0.028), while the lower levels observed in a mixed state did not reach statistical significance ( b = -0.053, 95% CI [-0.143; 0.037], p = 0.2; Figure 2A ).

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