Role of combined indacaterol and glycopyrronium bromide (QVA149) for the treatment of COPD in Japan.

QVA149 marginally reduced moderate or severe exacerbation with a risk ratio of 0.88 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77–0.99) compared with glycopyrronium bromide, but did not reach statistical significance when compared with tiotropium with a risk ratio of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.79–1.02). 23 SHINE was a very-large-scale 26-week RCT allocating 2,144 patients into five arms: QVA149, indacaterol, glycopyrronium, placebo, or open-label tiotropium. 24 The primary endpoint was trough FEV 1 at week 26 for QVA149 versus indacaterol and versus glycopyrronium.

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